Bridging Commands

This document describes the bridging configuration and monitoring commands. It contains the following section:

The Bridge Commands

This section describes the bridging configuration and monitoring commands. They allow you to specify parameters for the bridge and its interfaces.

To display the Bridge Config> prompt:

Config>protocol bridge
Transparent Bridge user configuration

Bridge Config>

To display the Bridge> monitoring prompt:

+protocol bridge
Bridge>

Table 1 lists the bridging configuration and monitoring commands. Not all parameters apply to all router platforms. Press Space twice after you type a command to display the available parameters for each command for your router. Enter help for information about using the command line interface.

Command	Function
Add [C] [M]	Adds station addresses to the permanent database, address mapping, LAN/WAN ports, protocol filters, and a tunnel between end stations across an IP internetwork.
BAN [C] [M]	Displays the boundary access node (BAN) configuration or monitoring prompt.
Cache [M]	Displays cache entries for a specified port.
Change [C]	Changes bridge and segment numbers.
Delete [C] [M]	Deletes station address entries, specific address mapping, LAN/WAN ports, protocol filters, and a tunnel between end stations across an IP internetwork.
Disable [C]	Disables bridging, duplicate frames, mapping between group and functional addresses, propagation of spanning tree explorer frames, source-routing, FDDI encapsulation, reception of spanning tree explorer frames over a tunnel, conversion of source-routed frame to transparent frame, transparent (spanning tree) bridging, and a tunnel between bridges.
Enable [C]	Enables bridging, duplicate frames, mapping between group and functional addresses, propagation of spanning tree explorer frames, source-routing, FDDI encapsulation, reception of spanning tree explorer frames over a tunnel, conversion of source routed frame to transparent frame, transparent (spanning tree) bridging, and a tunnel between bridges.
Exit [C] [M]	Returns to the previous prompt.
Flip [M]	Flips MAC address from canonical to 802.5 (non-canonical or IBM) bit order.
List [C] [M]	Displays information about the complete bridge configuration or about selected configuration parameters.
LNM [C] [M]	Displays the LNM (LAN Network Manager) configuration prompt.
NetBIOS [C] [M]	Displays the NetBIOS configuration or monitoring prompt.
Set [C]	Sets aging time for dynamic address entries, bridge address, maximum frame size for tunneling, Largest Frame (LF) bit encoding, maximum frame size, spanning tree protocol bridge and port parameters, Route Descriptor (RD) values, and filtering database size.
Tunnel [C] [M]	Displays the tunnel configuration prompt.

Exclude destination address ...	Sets destination address filtering for that entry. Yes causes filtering of any frames that contain this address as a destination address, no matter which port it came from.
Use same output port mapping...	Yes creates one outgoing port map for all incoming ports rather than allowing for mapping only to specific ports. No causes further prompting.
Input Port 1, Port 2	Answering No to the previous prompt causes input port-by-input port prompting (Input Port Number [1]?) to select each input port and its associated outgoing bridge ports.
Bridge to all ports?	Yes creates an outgoing port map that includes all ports. Thus, when a frame with this address as the destination address is received, it is forwarded to all outgoing forwarding ports except for the incoming port. The following are examples of how this is done according to the port map:
	If a frame is received on port 1 and the port map indicates 1 (for port 1), the frame is filtered. If the same frame is received on port 2 and the port map indicates 1 (for port 1), the frame is forwarded to port 1. If a frame is received on port 1 and the matching address entry's port map indicates 1, 2, or 3, the frame is forwarded to ports 2 and 3.
	If the port map indicates no port (NONE/DAF) then the frame is filtered. This is known as destination address filtering (DAF). If no address entry is found to match the received frame, it is forwarded to all the forwarding ports except for the source port).
Bridge to port 1, port 2, etc.	Associates an address entry with that specific bridge port. Yes maps the address to the specified port so that port is included in that address entry's port map. No skips address mapping for that port.
continue to another input port?	Lets you select the next input port to be configured.
Source address filtering applies	Allows port-specific address filtering. Yes discards frames received with source addresses matching address entries in the filtering database with source address filtering enabled. This lets a network manager isolate an end station by not allowing traffic to be bridged.

dlh-type	(Data-link-header type); Options are Destination Service Access Point (DSAP), Ethertype, or Subnetwork Access Protocol (SNAP).
type-field	Protocol type field.
	Enter the DSAP protocol type in a range of 1 to FE (hexadecimal).
	Enter Ethernet (Ether) protocol type in a range of 5DD to FFFF (hexadecimal).
	Enter SNAP protocol type in 10-digit hexadecimal format.
ga-address	6-byte (12-digit hexadecimal) group/multicast address.
fa-address	Enter functional address in non-canonical format. Functional addresses are locally administered group addresses, most commonly used in Token Ring networks.

Ethertype	Group Address	Functional Address
6002	ab-00-00-02-00-00	C0:00:20:00:00:00
6003	ab-00-00-03-00-00	C0:00:10:00:00:00
6003	ab-00-00-00-04-00	C0:00:08:00:00:00

SNAP	Group Address	Functional Address
00-00-00-6002	ab-00-00-02-00-00	C0:00:20:00:00:00
00-00-00-6003	ab-00-00-03-00-00	C0:00:10:00:00:00
00-00-00-6003	ab-00-00-00-04-00	C0:00:08:00:00:00

SNAP packets	Subnetwork Access Protocol with protocol type entered in 10-digit hexadecimal format.
Ether packets	Ethernet type with the protocol type entered in a range of 5DD to FFFF (hexadecimal).
DSAP packets	DSAP protocol with the protocol type entered in a range of 1 to FE (hexadecimal).

Protocol	SAP (hexadecimal value)
Banyan SAP	BC (used only for 802.5)
Novell IPX SAP	E0 (used only for 802.5)
NetBIOS SAP	F0
ISO Connectionless Internet	FE

Protocol	SNAP OUI/IP (10-digit)
AppleTalk	08-00-07-80-9B
Apple ARP	00-00-00-80-F3
Proprietary AppleTalk Phase 1 for FDDI	00-00-93-00-02
Proprietary AppleTalk ARP Phase 1 for FDDI	00-00-93-00-03

Protocol	Ethernet type (hex value)
IP	0800
ARP	0806
CHAOS	0804
DECnet MOP Dump/Load	6000
DECnet MOP Remote Console	6002
DECnet	6003
DEC LAT	6004
DEC LAVC	6007
Maintenance Packet Type	7030
Novell NetWare IPX	8137 (Ethernet)
Loopback assistance	9000

MAC Address	6-byte MAC address of the entry
Entry Type	Displays one of the following address entry types: Reserved— Reserved by the IEEE802.1D Standard. Registered— Unicast addresses belonging to proprietary communications hardware attached to the box or multicast addresses enabled by protocol forwarders. Permanent— User configured entries. Static— Monitoring entries. Dynamic— Learned by the bridge dynamically. Do not survive power on/off or system resets and have an age associated with the entry. Free— Locations in database that are free to be filled by address entries. Unknown— Unknown to the bridge. May be bugs and/or illegal addresses.
Age	Age in seconds of each dynamic entry. The age decrements at each resolution interval.
Port(s)	The port number associated with the entry. Displays the interface name (always that of the interface having the cache).

SNAP Packets	Subnetwork Access Protocol with protocol type entered in 10-digit hexadecimal format.
Ethernet Packets	Ethernet type with the protocol type entered in a range of 5DD to FFFF (hexadecimal).
DSAP Packets	Destination Service Access Point protocol with the protocol type entered in a range of 1 to FE (hexadecimal).

port#	Valid port participating in the bridge configuration.
segment#	12-bit number representing the LAN/WAN to which media are attached. All the media on other bridges attached to this LAN/WAN must be configured with the same value. For correct operations of source routing, it is very important that all the bridges attached to this LAN/WAN have the same perspective of the LAN/WAN identification value.
bridge#	4-bit value unique among all the bridges attached to the same LAN/WAN. This value is required when you enable source routing on the first interface. For later interfaces, this input is optional. It is recommended that bridge# be unique on the segment.

Address	Address entry in 12-digit hexadecimal format.
Entry Type	Permanent— The entry is permanent and survives power on/off or system resets. Reserved— The entry is reserved by the IEEE802.1d committee for future use. Frames to reserved addresses are discarded. Registered— The entry is meant for the bridge itself. SAF— Appears after the entry type if you configure source address filtering.
Input Port	The numbers of input port(s) associated with that address entry.
Output Port	The numbers of output port(s) associated with that address entry. NONE/DAF indicates that destination address filtering applies because no ports have been selected to be associated with that address entry.

Bridge	Indicates whether the bridge is enabled or disabled.
Bridge Behavior	Method of bridging being used. Values are STB for transparent, SRB for source routing, and SR-TB for source routing-transparent conversion bridging.
Bridge Address	Bridge address specified by the user (if set).
Bridge Priority	A high-order 2-octet bridge address found in the bridge identifier-either the MAC address obtained from the lowest number port or the address set by the set bridge command.
Source Routing Bridge Number	The unique number identifying a bridge. Distinguishes between multiple bridges connecting the same two rings.
Number of Source Routing Segments	The number of Source Routing bridge segments configured for the Source Routing domain.
SRB: Max ARE/STE Hop cnt	The maximum hop count for frames transmitting from the bridge for a given interface associated with source routing bridging.
SR-TB Conversion	Indicates whether source routing/transparent bridge frame conversion is enabled or disabled.
TB-Virtual Segment	The segment number of the transparent bridging domain.
MTU for TB-Domain	The maximum frame size (maximum transmission units) the transparent bridge can transmit and receive.
1:N Source Routing	The current state of 1:N Source Routing ACTIVE or NOT ACTIVE.
Internal Virtual Segment	Displays the virtual segment number configured for 1:N SRB bridging.
SRB LF-bit interpretation	Indicates the largest frame (LF) bit encoding interpretation mode if source routing is enabled in this bridge (BASIC or EXTENDED).
FA-GA conversion	Indicates whether FA-GA conversion is enabled or disabled.
Spanning Tree Protocol Participation	The types of spanning tree protocols that the bridge participates in.
Number of ports added	The number of bridge ports added to the bridging configuration.
Port Number	A user-defined number assigned to an interface using the add port command.
Interface Number	Identifies devices connected to a network segment through the bridge. You must add at least two interfaces to participate in bridging. Use 255 for bridging.
Port Behavior	Indicates method of bridging being used by that port. The values are STB for Transparent, SRB for Source Routing, and SR-TB for Source Routing-Transparent conversion bridging.

add-type	DSAP, Ether (Ethernet), or SNAP.
type-field	Protocol type field.
	Destination Service Access Point (DSAP) with protocol type in a range of 1 to FE (hexadecimal). Ethernet (Ether) with protocol type in a range of 5DD to FFFF (hexadecimal). Subnetwork Access Protocol (SNAP) with protocol type in 10-digit hexadecimal format.

Port ID	The ID consists of two parts: the port priority and the port number. In the example, 128 is the priority and 1, 2, and 3 is the port number. In hexadecimal format, the low-order byte denotes the port number and the high order byte denotes the priority.
Port State	Whether or not the port is enabled or disabled.
Port Supports	Displays bridging method supported by that port (for example, transparent bridging, source routing bridging).
SRB	Displayed only when SRB is enabled and lists source-routing bridging information. This includes the SRB segment number (in hex), the Maximum Transmission Unit size, and whether the transmission of Spanning Tree Explorer Frames is enabled or disabled.
Duplicate Frames Allowed	Displays a breakdown and count of the types of duplicate frames allowed.
Assoc Interface	Interface number associated with the displayed port, and FR circuit name if applicable.
Path Cost	Cost associated with the port used for possible root path cost. The range is 1 to 65535.

Port Number	Displayed for each port if you list all ports.
Protocol Class	Displays protocol class (SNAP, Ether, or DSAP).
Protocol Type	Protocol ID in hexadecimal format.
Protocol State	Denotes that protocol is being filtered for selected port.

Bridge Identifiers	8-byte value in ASCII format. If you do not set the bridge address prior to displaying this information, the low order six bytes displayed as zero indicates the default MAC address of a port. When a bridge is selected as the root bridge, it transmits the bridge max age and bridge hello time to all the bridges in the network via the Hello BPDUs.
Bridge-Max-Age	Maximum age (period of time) that should be used to time out spanning-tree-protocol-related information.
Bridge-Hello-Time	Time interval between Hello BPDUs.
Bridge-Forward- Delay	Time interval used before changing to another state (should this bridge become the root).

Address	6-byte MAC address of the entry.
Entry Type	Specifies one of the following types: Reserved— Reserved by the IEEE802.1d committee Registered— Unicast addresses belonging to proprietary communications hardware attached to the box or multicast addresses enabled by protocol forwarders Permanent— Entries entered in the configuration process that survive power on/off or system resets Static— Entries entered in the monitoring process that do not survive power on/off or system resets and are ageless Dynamic— Entries learned by the bridge dynamically that do not survive power on/off or system resets and have an age associated with them Free— Locations in database free to be filled by address entries
Port Map	Outgoing port map for all incoming ports.

Conversion bridge	Current state of the SR-TB conversion bridge, either enabled or disabled.
Translation database size	Current size of the SR-TB database, which contains MAC addresses and associated RIFs for the source-routing domain.
Aging time	Aging timer setting in seconds. All SR-TB RIF database entries that exceed this time limit are discarded.
Aging granularity	How often entries are scanned to look for expiration according to the aging timer.
Port	Number of a port associated with conversion bridging.
Segment	Source-routing segment number assigned to the port associated with conversion bridging.
Interface	Device connected to a conversion bridge network segment.
State	Current state of the conversion bridge port.
MTU	Maximum frame size (from the end of the RIF to the beginning of the FCS) that the conversion-bridge can transmit and receive.

Bridging Commands

The Bridge Commands

Table 1 Bridging Commands

address addr-value

mapping dlh-type type-field ga-address fa-address

port interface# port#

prot-filter snap or ether or dsap

tunnel port#

Add [M]

destination-address-filter mac_address

static-entry mac_address input_port [output_ports]

BAN [C] [M]

Cache [M]

bridge new-bridge#

address addr-value

Delete [M]

mac-address address

Disable [C]

bridge

proteon-fddi-encapsulation port#

spanning-tree-explorer port#

ub-encapsulation

bridge

ethertype-ibmrt-pc port#

fa-ga-mapping

proteon-fddi-encapsulation port#

spanning-tree-explorer port#

sr-tb-conversion

stp (Spanning Tree Protocol)

tree port#

ub-encapsulation

List [C] [M]

List [C]

address MAC-address

mapping add-type type-field

port port#

prot-filter port#

range start-index stop-index

adaptive-bridge datagroup-option [sub-option]

lnm status

spanning-tree protocol

transparent

tunnel bridges or config

Set [C]

age seconds resolution

bridge bridge-address

filtering database-size

lf-bit-interpretation encode-mode

protocol bridge or port

Hash Collision Count	Number of addresses that were stored (hashed) to the same location in the hash table. This number is cumulative and reflects the total number of hash collision incidents that occurred. Increases in this number may indicate a potential table size problem.
Adaptive Database Overflow	Number of times that an address was overwritten as the conversion database table ran out of table space.

Canonical address	MAC address of the node corresponding to this entry displayed in the IBM non-canonical bit order.
Interface	Name of the network interface that learned this entry.
Port	Number of the port that learned this address entry.
Seg	Number of the segment that learned this address.
Age	Entry age in seconds.
RIF Type	RIF type (SRF, STE, or ARE).
RIF Direction	RIF direction (Forward or Reverse).
RIF Length	RIF length in bytes.
RIF LF	Largest frame value in the RIF.
RIF	Routing Information Field learned from this node.

Bridge State	Indicates whether bridging is enabled or disabled.
Bridge Type	The configured bridge type (NONE, SRB, STB, SRT, ADAPT, A/SRB, A/TB, or ASRT).
Number of Ports	Number of ports configured for that bridge.
Port	Number assigned to an interface using the add port command.
Interface	Devices connected to a network segment through the bridge.
State	The current state of the port (UP or DOWN).
MAC address	The MAC address associated with that port in canonical bit order.
Modes	The bridging mode for that port. T indicates transparent bridging. SR indicates source routing. A indicates adaptive bridging.
MSDU	The maximum frame (data unit) size (including the MAC header but not the FCS field) the source-routing bridge can transmit and receive on this interface.
Segment	The source routing bridge segment number assigned to that port (if any).
LNM	Displays whether the LNM feature is enabled on that port.
SR bridge number	The user-assigned source routing bridge number.
SR virtual segment	The source-routing bridge virtual segment number, if any.
Adaptive segment	The number of the segment used in the source-routing domain to route to the transparent domain (via conversion).

MAC Address	Address in 12-digit hex format (canonical bit order).
MC*	An asterisk following an address entry indicates that the entry has been flagged as a multicast address.
Entry Type	Specifies one of the following types: Reserved— Reserved by the IEEE802.1D standard. Registered— Consist of unicast addresses belonging to interfaces participating in the bridge or multicast addresses enabled by protocol forwarders. Permanent— Entered in the configuration process and survives power on/off or system resets. Static— Entered in the monitoring process, do not survive power on/off or system resets, and are ageless. Dynamic— Learned by the bridge dynamically and do not survive power on/off or system resets and have an age associated with the entry. Free— This type is not used and should not be seen except in occasional race conditions between the monitor process and the bridge. Unknown— Unknown entry type. May indicate a software bug. Report the hex entry type to Customer Service.
Age	The age (in seconds) of each dynamic entry. Age is decremented at each resolution interval.
Port(s)	The outgoing port number(s) for that entry. Device type is also listed for single port entries. If dynamic entry on IP tunnel, the port is 5 for IP tunnel.

Filtering Database Size	The maximum number of entries that the filtering database can hold.
Aging Time	Amount of time (in seconds) for aging out (discarding) dynamic entries in the filtering database.
Resolution	How often dynamic entries are scanned to look for expiration according to the aging timer.

Port Number	Number of the port running the LNM feature.
LNM Agents Enabled	LNM agents enabled on that port.
Reporting Link	Number of a specific reporting link.
State	State of the reporting link (available, active, or connecting).
LNM Station Address	Station address associated with that link.
MAC addresses...	MAC addresses required by the LNM Management Station for correct configuration to the LNM agents in the router.

Bridge number	Bridge number (in hexadecimal) assigned to this bridge.
Bridge state	Indicates whether bridging is enabled or disabled.
Maximum STE hop count	Maximum hop count for Spanning Tree Explorer frames transmitting from the bridge for a given interface associated with source routing bridging.
Maximum ARE hop count	Maximum hop count for All Route Explorer frames transmitting from the bridge for a given interface associated with source routing bridging.
Virtual segment	Virtual segment number assigned for 1:N bridging.
Port	Numbers of ports associated with source routing bridging
Segment	Assigned segment numbers for networks associated with source routing bridging.
Interface	Associated interface names. Lists Adaptive for interfaces participating in the SR-TB.
State	Current port state (Enabled or Disabled).
MTU	MTU size set for that port.
STE Forwarding	Indicates whether Spanning Tree Explorers received on this port are forwarded (Yes) and whether STEs from other ports go out this port.
LNM	Indicates whether LAN Network Manager (LNM) agents are enabled (ENA) or disabled (DIS) on that specific port.

Bridge Maximum Age	Maximum age (period of time) used to time out spanning tree protocol related information.
Bridge Hello Timer	Time interval between Hello BPDUs.
Bridge Forward Delay	Time interval before changing to another state (should this bridge become the root).
Bridge Priority	A high-order 2-octet bridge address found in the Bridge Identifier - either the MAC address obtained from the lowest number port or the address set by the set bridge command.

Port Number	Bridge port number; selects the port for which the path cost and port priority will be changed.
Path Cost	Cost associated with the port which is used for possible root path cost. The range is 1 to 65535.
Port Priority	Identifies port priority for the specified port. The range is 0 to 255.

Limit-type	Entered either as ARE or STE depending on whether the RD-limit-value is applied to All Route Explorer (ARE) or Spanning Tree Explorer (STE) frames.
RD-limit-value	Specifies the maximum number of RDs that might be contained in the Routing Information Field (RIF) of the frame type specified by the RD limit type. This field takes values from 0 to 14. The default RD limit value for ARE and STE frames is 14.