Configuring and Monitoring
TCP/IP Host Services
This document describes how to configure the TCP/IP host services protocol and how to use the TCP/IP host configuration and monitoring commands. It includes the following sections:
Accessing the TCP/IP Host Configuration Environment
Bridge-only Management
Basic Configuration Procedures
TCP/IP Host Commands
Accessing the TCP/IP Host Configuration Environment
To access the TCP/IP host configuration prompt, enter protocol hst at the Config> prompt.
Config>protocol hst
TCP/IP-Host Services user configuration
TCP/IP-Host config>
To access the TCP/IP host monitoring prompt, enter protocol hst at the + prompt.
+ protocol hst
TCP/IP-Host Services user configuration
TCP/IP-Host>
Bridge-only Management
TCP/IP host services let you configure and monitor a bridge when routing functions are disabled. This feature gives you the following capabilities:
Bridge-only management is activated by assigning an IP address to the bridge and enabling TCP/IP host services. This IP address belongs to the bridge as a whole, instead of a single interface. When booting over the network, the bridge's IP address and a default gateway can be learned automatically through the ROMCOMM interface with the boot proms. Default gateway assignments may also be user-configured.
TCP/IP host services is available whenever bridging is an option in the router software load. These services co-exist with the IP routing functionality but do not require that IP routing be present.
Basic Configuration Procedures
The following sections describe the basic configuration procedures for enabling TCP/IP host services.
- 1. Assign an IP address to the router.
Use the set ip-host address command. This IP address is associated with the router as a whole, instead of a single interface.
TCP/IP-Host config>set ip-host address
IP-Host address [0.0.0.0]? 10.1.130.98
Address mask [255.0.0.0]?
IP-Host address set.
- 2. Optionally, configure the router as a default gateway. As default gateway, it is the static (permanent) authoritative router that receives all packets with destinations not in the routing table.
Use add default-gateway for static routing, for example, as a precaution against power failures, or in cases when routing information cannot be obtained dynamically.
TCP/IP-Host config>add default-gateway
Default-Gateway address [0.0.0.0]? 101.25.3.1
- 3. Enable TCP/IP host services.
TCP/IP-Host config>enable services
TCP/IP Host Commands
This section summarizes and explains the TCP/IP host configuration and monitoring commands.
The TCP/IP host configuration commands allow you to specify network parameters for the TCP/IP host bridge. Enter the TCP/IP host configuration commands at the HST config> prompt.
The TCP/IP host monitoring commands allow you to view parameters. Enter the monitoring commands at the HST> prompt.
Not all parameters apply to all router platforms. Press Space twice after you type a command to display the available parameters for each command for your router. Enter help for information about using the command line interface.
Add [C]
Adds default gateways (routers) to your configuration. When you designate a router as the default gateway, it exists as the static authoritative router that receives all packets having destinations not found in the routing table.
Default gateways send packets to IP destinations that are off the local connection. The routing table is then built up through redirect processing. An attempt is made to detect routers that disappear. If the router is a CNX 500 and has booted over the the network (via TFTP/BootP), then the default gateway is configured using the information from the booting process.
Obtaining default gateway information via the booting process is applicable to the CNX 500 only. It does not apply to a CNX 500 booted with an IBD.
Syntax: add default-gateway IP-address
Example: add default-gateway
Default-Gateway address [0.0.0.0]?
Delete [C]
Deletes default gateways from your configuration. Enter the IP address of the default gateway you want to remove after the delete command.
Syntax: delete default-gateway IP-address
Example: delete default-gateway
Enter address to be deleted [0.0.0.0]?
Disable [C]
Disables the following TCP/IP functions:
Syntax: disable
- rip-listening
- router-discovery
- services
rip-listening
Disables the building of routing table entries gathered by listening to the RIP protocol. By default, RIP-listening is disabled.
Example: disable rip-listening
router-discovery
Disables the ability to learn default gateways by receiving ICMP Router discovery messages. By default, router discovery is enabled.
Example: disable router-discovery
services
Disables the TCP/IP host services protocol entirely. By default, TCP/IP host services are enabled.
Example: disable services
Dump [M]
Displays the current IP routing table. One line is printed for each destination. Many of the entries are the result of ICM redirects.
Syntax: dump
Example: dump
Type Dest net Mask Cost Age Next hop(s)
Stat 0.0.0.0 00000000 0 0 128.185.142.47
Dir* 128.185.142.0 FFFFFF00 1 0 BDG/0
Default gateway in use.
Type Cost Age Next hop
Stat 0 0 128.185.142.47
Routing table size: 768 nets (43008 bytes), 2 nets known
Enable [C]
Enables the following TCP/IP functions:
Syntax: enable
- rip-listening
- router-discovery
- services
rip-listening
Enables the building of routing table entries gathered by the bridge listening to the RIP protocol. RIP-listening is disabled by default.
Example: enable rip-listening
router-discovery
Enables the learning of default gateways through reception of ICMP Router Discovery messages. By default, router discovery is enabled.
Example: enable router-discovery
services
Enables the TCP/IP host services protocol. By default, TCP/IP host services are enabled.
Example: enable services
Exit [C] [M]
Returns to the previous prompt level.
Syntax: exit
Example: exit
Interface [M]
Lists the IP addresses configured for the router. When TCP/IP host services are running over the bridge, a single address displays as BDG/0.
Syntax: interface
Example: interface
Interface IP Address(es) Mask
BDG/0 128.185.142.16 255.255.255.0
List [C]
Displays information about the current TCP/IP Host configuration.
Syntax: list all
Example: list all
IP-Host IP address : 128.185.142.1
Address mask : 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway IP-address(es)
128.185.142.47
TCP/IP-Host Services Enabled.
RIP-LISTENING Disabled.
Router Discovery Enabled
.
Ping [M]
Instructs the router to send ICMP Echo Requests to a destination once a second and watch for a response. Use this command to isolate trouble in an internetwork environment.
This process is done continuously, incrementing the ICMP sequence number with each additional packet. Matching received ICMP Echo responses are reported with their sequence number and the round-trip time. The granularity (time resolution) of the round-trip time calculation is usually (depending on platform) around 20 milliseconds. Pinging stops when you type a character. At that time, a summary of packet loss, round-trip time, and number of ICMP destination unreachables received is displayed.
When you enter a multicast address as destination, there may be multiple responses printed for each packet sent, one for each group member. Each returned response is displayed with the source address of the responder.
The size of the ping (number of data bytes in the ICMP message, excluding the ICMP header) is 56 bytes, and the TTL used is 60.
Syntax: ping interface-address
Example: ping 128.185.142.11
PING 128.185.142.11: 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 128.185.142.11: icmp_seq=0. time=0. ms
64 bytes from 128.185.142.11: icmp_seq=1. time=0. ms
64 bytes from 128.185.142.11: icmp_seq=2. time=0. ms
64 bytes from 128.185.142.11: icmp_seq=3. time=0. ms
64 bytes from 128.185.142.11: icmp_seq=4. time=0. ms
64 bytes from 128.185.142.11: icmp_seq=5. time=0. ms
----128.185.142.11 PING Statistics----
6 packets transmitted, 6 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip (ms) min/avg/max = 0/0/0
Routers [M]
Displays a list of all IP routers known to the router. Routers can be learned through
Each router is listed with its origin, its priority (used when selecting the default route), and its lifetime (the number of seconds before the router is declared invalid unless it is heard from again).
Syntax: routers
Example: routers
Set [C]
Sets the router's IP address. You must assign an IP address before enabling TCP/IP host services.
If the IP address is not already configured, it is set (by default) using boot information. This process applies only to the CNX 500 and only if it is a network host.
Syntax: set ip-host address IP-host-address
Example: set ip-host address
IP-Host address [0.0.0.0]? 123.45.67.89
Address mask [255.255.0.0]?
Traceroute [M]
Displays the entire path to a destination, hop by hop. For each successive hop, traceroute sends three probes and displays the IP address of the responder along with the round-trip time associated with the response. If a probe receives no response, it displays an asterisk. Each line in the display relates to this set of three probes, with the leftmost number indicating the distance from the router executing the command (in router hops).
The trace route is complete when either the destination is reached, an ICMP Destination Unreachable message is received, or the path length reaches 32 router hops.
Syntax: traceroute interface-address
Example: traceroute 128.185.142.239
TRACEROUTE 128.185.142.239: 56 data bytes
1 128.185.142.7 16 ms 0 ms 0 ms
2 128.185.123.22 16 ms 0 ms 16 ms
3 * * *
4 * * *
5 128.185.124.110 16 ms ! 0 ms ! 0 ms !
When a probe receives an unexpected result (see the above output example), several indicators can be printed. These indicators are explained in the following table.
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